USE 2005
OPTION #1
A1. The science that classifies organisms on the basis of their relationship
1) ecology
2) taxonomy
3) morphology
4) paleontology
A2. From the above formulations, indicate the position of the cell theory.
1) Fertilization is the process of fusion of male and female gametes.
2) Ontogeny repeats the history of the development of its species.
3) Daughter cells are formed as a result of the division of the mother.
4) Sex cells are formed in the process of meiosis.
A3. A substance that consists of a nitrogenous base, deoxyribose and a phosphoric acid residue is
1) amino acid
2) transfer RNA
3) adenosine triphosphate
4) nucleotide
A4. What structure is shown in the picture?
1) chromosome
2) endoplasmic reticulum
3) Golgi complex
4) microtubule
A5. In chloroplasts in light phase photosynthesis uses energy sunlight for the synthesis of molecules
1) lipids 2) proteins 3) nucleic acids 4) ATP
A6. Reducing the number of chromosomes by half, the formation of cells with a haploid set
chromosomes occurs in the process
1) mitosis 2) meiosis 3) crushing 4) fertilization
A7. Non-cellular forms that can reproduce only by penetrating the target cell are
1) viruses 2) bacteria 3) protozoa 4) lichens
A8. An increase in the viability of offspring occurs as a result of reproduction
1) disputes
2) budding
3) rhizome
4) seeds
A9. Paired genes located on homologous chromosomes and controlling the manifestation of the same total trait are called
1) allelic
2) dominant
3) recessive
4) linked
A10. Determine in the figure the genotype of the hybrid offspring of a guinea pig obtained from crossing homozygous parental forms (black (A) and shaggy (B) wool dominates 
1) AABb
2) AaBB
3) AaBb
4) aaBb
A11. Changing the color of the coat in an ermine rabbit under the influence of environmental temperature is an example of variability
1) modification
2) genotypic
3) correlative
4) combinative
A12. Polyploidy is used in breeding
1) pets
2) cultivated plants
3) hat mushrooms
4) molds
A13. What is the role of bacteria and fungi in the cycling of matter?
1) manufacturers organic matter
2) consumers of organic substances
3) destroyers of organic matter
4) destroyers of inorganic substances
A14. The part of the cell, with the help of which connections between organelles are established, is indicated in the figure by the letter 
1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D
A15. In mammals, gas exchange occurs in
1) trachea
2) bronchi
3) bronchioles
4) pulmonary vesicles
A16. The curves of the human spine are associated with
1) upright posture
2) labor activity
3) the formation of the chest
4) development of the thumb
A17. The human body is supplied with vitamins, as a rule, in the process
1) energy metabolism
2) receipts of plant and animal food
3) oxidation of organic substances in body cells
4) the transformation of insoluble organic substances into soluble
A18. Hormone function
1) the formation of enzymes
2) providing the body with energy
3) participation in the formation of unconditioned reflexes
4) regulation of metabolic processes, growth and development of the body
A19. The final analysis of the pitch, strength and character of the sound takes place in
1) eardrum
2) auditory nerve
3) auditory cortex
4) inner ear
A20. With anemia, the amount decreases
1) hemoglobin
2) leukocytes
3) lymphocytes
4) antibodies
A21. A species is a group of individuals
1) living in a common area
2) appeared as a result of evolution
3) interbreeding and giving fertile offspring
4) created by man on the basis of selection
A22. The signs that form in individuals in the process natural selection, useful
1) to a person
2) mind
3) biocenosis
4) environment
A23. What serves as a material for natural selection, a prerequisite for evolutionary changes in the organic world?
1) fitness
2) mutations
3) modifications
4) heredity
A24. The adaptability of plants to pollination by insects is characterized by
1) the formation of a large amount of pollen
2) the presence of light non-sticky pollen
3) flowering before leafing out
4) the presence of nectar in flowers, a bright corolla
A25. Among fossil animals, transitional forms are considered
1) ichthyosaurs
2) stegocephalians
3) dinosaurs
4) tailless amphibians
A26. In human ancestors, upright posture contributed to the formation
1) arched foot
2) five-fingered limb
3) cerebral part of the skull
4) shoulder girdle
A27. Most plant and animal species do not have adaptations to anthropogenic factors due to the fact that their impact
1) appears constantly
2) depends on climatic conditions
3) is random
4) is rhythmic
A28. In biogeocenosis, a wide variety of plant and animal species, branched food links are the reasons for its
1) shifts
2) development
3) self-regulation
4) Resilience
A29. The greatest role of man in the biogenic migration of atoms is
1) involvement in the biological cycle of chemical elements
2) increasing the speed of the water cycle
3) regulation of the population of plants and animals
4) regulation of the number of microorganisms
A30. Agrocenosis is called
1) the geological shell of the Earth, inhabited by living organisms
2) the territory temporarily withdrawn from economic use
3) the territory allotted for the collection of mushrooms, nuts, berries and medicinal plants
4) artificial ecosystem resulting from human agricultural activities
A31. Biogenic migration in the biosphere is the cycle of constituent organisms
1) energy reserves
2) chemical elements
3) organic matter
4) inorganic substances
A32. A necessary condition for maintaining equilibrium in the biosphere is
1) constancy of climatic conditions
2) closed circulation of substances and energy conversion
3) strengthening agricultural activities
4) evolution of the organic world
A33. In a DNA molecule, the number of nucleotides with guanine is 10% of total number. How many nucleotides with adenine are in this molecule?
1) 10% 2) 20% 3) 40% 4) 90%
A34. In the case of monohybrid crossing of a heterozygous individual with a homozygous recessive one, in their offspring, the traits are split according to the phenotype in the ratio
1) 3:1 2) 9:3:3:1 3) 1:1 4)1:2:1
A35. What effect does the feather cover with a layer of air between the feathers have on the volume and average density of the body of birds?
1) does not provide great influence for these signs of birds
2) contributes to an increase in body volume and a decrease in its average density
3) causes an increase in body volume and its average density
4) leads to a decrease in the volume of the bird's body and an increase in its average density
A36. In the human stomach, it increases the activity of enzymes and destroys bacteria
1) mucus 2) insulin 3) bile 4) hydrochloric acid
A37. One of the proofs of the relationship of coelenterates and protozoa -
1) arrangement of cells in two layers
2) the presence of stinging cells
3) the development of an organism from a single cell
4) extracellular digestion
Q1. What structural components are included in the nucleotides of the DNA molecule?
A) nitrogenous base: A, T, G, C
B) a variety of amino acids
B) lipoproteins
D) deoxyribose carbohydrate
D) nitric acid
E) phosphoric acid
(Write down the corresponding letters in alphabetical order.)
AT 2. Bacteria as opposed to plants
A) pre-nuclear organisms
B) contain ribosomes
B) only unicellular organisms
D) reproduce by mitosis
D) chemosynthetics and heterotrophs
E) have a cellular structure
AT 3. Humans are different from vertebrates
A) has five parts of the brain
B) forms various natural populations
B) has a second signaling system
D) can create an artificial habitat
D) has the first signal system
E) can create and use tools
AT 4. Establish a correspondence between the characteristic of the plant and the department for which it is characteristic.
DEPARTMENT
A) ferns
B) Gymnosperms
PLANT SIGN
1) mostly herbaceous plants
2) trees and shrubs predominate
3) reproduce by spores
4) propagate by seeds
5) fertilization is not related to the aquatic environment
AT 5. Establish a correspondence between the structure of muscle tissue and its type.
STRUCTURE OF MUSCLE TISSUE
1) cells reach a size of 10-12 cm
2) has a transverse striation
3) the cells are spindle-shaped
4) cells are multinucleated
5) are innervated by the autonomic nervous system
MUSCLE TYPE
A) smooth
B) skeletal striated
AT 6. Establish a correspondence between the characteristic of a mutation and its type
MUTATION CHARACTERISTICS
1) the inclusion of two extra nucleotides in the DNA molecule
2) a multiple increase in the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell
3) violation of the amino acid sequence in the protein molecule
4) rotation of a chromosome segment by 180°
5) change in the number of chromosomes for individual pairs
6) duplication of nucleotides in DNA
TYPE OF MUTATION
A) chromosomal
B) gene
B) genomic
AT 7. Establish the sequence of processes occurring on the ribosome.
A) tRNA breaks away from and RNA and is pushed out of the ribosome
B) the ribosome is strung on mRNA, it contains two triplets
B) two complementary tRNA triplets are attached to two triplets, with amino acids the ribosome moves to the neighboring triplet, to which the tRNA delivers a new amino acid
D) adjacent amino acids on the ribosome interact to form a peptide bond
C1. What causes wet smog in major cities?
C2. Build a food chain using all of the following objects: humus, spider, hawk, great tit, housefly. Determine the consumer of the third order in the composed chain.
C3. What are the main processes that take place during the dark phase of photosynthesis?
C4. What are the features of the biosphere as the shell of the Earth?
C5. In a healthy mother who is not a carrier of the hemophilia gene and a father with hemophilia ( recessive trait h) two daughters and two sons were born. Determine the genotypes of the parents, the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring, if the sign of blood clotting is sex-linked.
C6. Man uses to control insect pests. chemical substances. Explain how the life of an oak forest can change if all herbivorous insects are chemically destroyed in it.
Q6: BVBAB
C1: Smog - severe air pollution in industrial centers and large cities, caused by a combination of fog and respiratory impurities and gaseous waste products: carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, dissolved in fog drops with the formation of acid, causing the destruction of metals and structures, harmful to human health and animals.
C2: humus, com. fly, spider, big tit, hawk. consumer of the 3rd order - titmouse.
C3: the close phase occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts. It is associated with carbon fixation, the formation of trioses, intermediate unstable hexoses and glucose.
C4: biosphere - living shell Land according to V. Vernadsky. It has a mosaic structure, because. consists of ecosystems (according to Tansley). It is an ecosystem of a planetary scale and an open type, because needs admission solar energy. It is characterized by biogeochemical circulation and energy flow. The degree of reproduction of cycles is 98%, and part of the substance is accumulated (reserved) in sedimentary gp, atomosphere, gyrosphere, and living organisms. The biosphere is able to quickly increase the mass of matter, multiply intensively and master all living space, is capable of movement under the influence of gravitational forces, is stable throughout life, but quickly decomposes, adapts to conditions, and has a high reaction rate. Basis of the biosphere - living matter, which captures and redistributes inanimate matter, creates a bio-inert, etc.
C5: parents - X D X D - zd. female, XdY-hemophilic
children: girls - 2XDXd - carriers; boys - 2XDY - healthy.
C6: the destruction of herbivorous insects will lead to ecological disaster: there will be no one to pollinate flowering plants, disperse seeds, lack of food for insectivorous birds, etc.
1. Which of the following processes is characteristic only for animals?
1) the formation of organic substances from inorganic in the light
2) perception of stimuli from environment and converting them into nerve impulses
3) the intake of substances into the body, their transformation and removal of end products of vital activity
4) the absorption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide during respiration
2. What property of organisms ensures the continuity of life on Earth?
1) metabolism
2) irritability
3) reproduction
4) variability
3. Indicate a sign that is characteristic only for the animal kingdom.
1) breathe, eat, reproduce
2) consist of a variety of fabrics
3) have irritability
4) have nervous tissue
4. Russian biologist D.I. Ivanovsky, studying the disease of tobacco leaves, discovered
1) viruses
2) protozoa
3) bacteria
5. The development of the animal's body from the moment the zygote is formed to birth is studied by science
1) genetics
2) physiology
3) morphology
4) embryology
6. The structure and distribution of ancient ferns is studied by science
1) plant physiology
2) plant ecology
3) paleontology
4) selection
7. What science studies the diversity of organisms and combines them into groups based on kinship?
1) morphology
2) taxonomy
3) ecology
4) physiology
8. To study the structure of polysaccharide molecules and their role in the cell, use the method
1) biochemical
2) electron microscopy
3) cytogenetic
4) light microscopy
9. The ability of the body to respond to environmental influences is called
1) playback
2) evolution
3) irritability
4) reaction rate
10. The genealogical method is used by science
1) morphology
2) biochemistry
3) genetics
4) embryology
11. The study of varietal and species diversity of plants is the task of science
1) paleontology
2) biogeography
3) ecology
4) selection
12. What level of organization of the living is the main object of study of cytology?
1) cellular
2) population-species
3) biogeocenotic
4) biosphere
13. Metabolism is characteristic of
1) inanimate bodies
2) bacteriophages
3) flu viruses
4) algae
14. At what level of organization is the implementation of hereditary information?
1) biospheric
2) ecosystem
3) population
4) organismic
15. The science that classifies organisms on the basis of their relationship, -
1) ecology
2) taxonomy
3) morphology
4) paleontology
16. The highest level of organization of life is
1) organism
2) ecosystem
3) biosphere
4) population
17. Gene mutations occur at the level of organization of the living
1) organism
2) population
3) species
4) molecular
18. Science is engaged in obtaining high-yielding polyploid plants
1) selection
2) genetics
3) physiology
4) botany
19. Science is engaged in breeding new highly productive strains of microorganisms
1) genetics
2) biochemistry
3) cytology
4) selection
20. What methods are used to study the structure and functions of the cell?
1) genetic engineering
2) microscopy
3) cytogenetic analysis
4) cell and tissue cultures
5) centrifugation
6) hybridization
21. Methods for breeding new animal breeds are being developed by science
1) genetics
2) microbiology
3) selection
4) animal physiology
22. Genetics has great importance for medicine, because it
1) establishes the reasons hereditary diseases
2) creates medicines to treat the sick
3) is fighting epidemics
4) protect the environment from pollution by mutagens
23. The main sign of the living -
1) movement
2) weight gain
3) metabolism
4) transformation of substances
24. To study the structure of cell organelles allows the method
1) light microscopy
2) electron microscopy
3) centrifugation
4) tissue culture
25. The processes of ecological and geographical speciation are studied by science
1) genetics
2) selection
3) about evolution
4) taxonomy
26. Science deals with the study of the impact of pollution on the environment.
1) physiology
2) ecology
3) biogeography
4) selection
27. By what signs do living organisms differ from bodies of inanimate nature?
1. unity of chemical composition (C, H.O, N - 98%, form proteins, fats, carbohydrates and nucleic acids
2. cellular principle of organization (a cell is a structural and functional unit of a living thing. The exception is viruses that do not have a cellular structure, but are not capable of reproducing outside the cell)
3. volatility
4.openness
5. metabolism (respiration, nutrition, excretion)
6. irritability (taxis in protozoa, tropisms and nastia in plants, reflexes in animals)
7. self-regulation
8. heredity (the ability to pass on traits from ancestors to descendants)
9. variability (ability to acquire new features)
10. Growth (quantitative changes)
11. development (qualitative changes). Ontogenesis is individual development. Phylogeny - historical development
12. rhythm (photoperiodism)
13. discreteness (the ability to consist of separate parts interconnected with each other and forming a single whole)
28. In cytology, the method is used
1) hybridological analysis
3) electron microscopy
4) twin
29. Red clover, occupying a certain area, represents the level of organization of wildlife
1) organismic
2) biocenotic
3) biosphere
4) population-species
30. Embryology is a science that studies
1) fossil remains of organisms
2) causes of mutations
3) laws of heredity
4) embryonic development of organisms
31. What science studies the structure and functions of the cells of organisms of different kingdoms of wildlife?
1) ecology
2) genetics
3) selection
4) cytology
31. The main task of taxonomy is the study
1) stages historical development organisms
2) relations between organisms and the environment
3) adaptability of organisms to living conditions
4) organisms and grouping them into groups based on kinship
33. At what level of organization of living things is the cycle of substances carried out in nature?
1) cellular
2) organismic
3) population-species
4) biospheric
34. Increase in body weight and size in human ontogenesis -
1) reproduction
2) development
3) growth
4) evolution
35. For living objects of nature, unlike inanimate bodies, it is characteristic
1) weight reduction
2) movement in space
3) breathing
4) dissolution of substances in water
36. To detect changes occurring in a living cell during mitosis, the method is used
1) microscopy
2) gene transplants
3) construction of genes
4) centrifugation
37. Fossil remains of organisms are studied by science
1) biogeography
2) embryology
3) comparative anatomy
4) paleontology
38. The science of the diversity of organisms and their distribution by related groups -
1) cytology
2) selection
3) taxonomy
4) biogeography
39. In what microscope can you see internal structure chloroplasts?
1) school
2) light
3) binocular
4) electronic
40. One of the signs of the difference between living and non-living is the ability to
1) resizing
2) self-reproduction
3) destruction
41. The study of the structure of the smallest cell organelles and large molecules became possible after the invention of 1) a hand magnifying glass
2) electron microscope
3) tripod magnifier
4) light microscope
42. The science that studies the similarities and differences of embryos of vertebrates, -
1) biotechnology
2) genetics
3) anatomy
4) embryology
43. The twin method is used in science
1) selection
2) genetics
3) physiology
4) cytology
44. The formation of new types of organisms occurs at the level of organization of living
1) organism
2) population-species
3) biogeocenotic
4) biospheric
45. What science deals with the problems of the relationship of organisms with each other and their environment?
1) paleontology
2) embryology
3) ecology
4) selection
46. What level of organization of living things are characterized by chromosomal mutations?
1) organismic
2) species
3) cellular
4) population
47. In a light microscope you can see
1) cell division
2) protein biosynthesis
3) ribosomes
4) ATP molecules
48. The primary, secondary, tertiary structures of a protein are studied at the level of organization of a living
1) fabric
2) molecular
3) organismic
4) cellular
49. The reasons for combinative variability are studied
1) genetics
2) paleontologists
3) environmentalists
4) embryologists
50. What research method is used in cytology?
1) hybridological
2) centrifugation
3) genealogical
4) inbreeding
51. What sign of the living is characteristic of viruses?
1) irritability
2) excitability
3) metabolism
4) playback
52. Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in humans are examined using the method
1) cytogenetic
2) genealogical
3) experimental
4) biochemical
53. Features of the processes of ontogenesis are studied by science
1) taxonomy
2) selection
3) embryology
4) paleontology
54. The use of modern research methods in cytology made it possible to study the structure and functions
1) plant organism
2) animal organs
3) cell organelles
4) organ systems
55. What organelles were found in the cell using an electron microscope?
1) ribosomes
3) chloroplasts
4) vacuoles
56. The separation of organelles by centrifugation is based on their differences in
1) size and weight
2) structure and composition
3) functions performed
4) location in the cytoplasm
57. Is engaged in the creation of new individuals from combined cells
1) cytology
2) microbiology
3) cell engineering
4) genetic engineering
58. The science that studies the role of mitochondria in metabolism -
1) genetics
2) selection
4) molecular biology
59. The initial stages of the ontogenesis of vertebrates are studied by science
1) morphology
2) genetics
3) embryology
(Answers at the end of the test)
A1. Which science classifies organisms based on their relationship?
1) ecology
2) taxonomy
3) morphology
4) paleontology
A2. What theory was formulated by German scientists M. Schleiden and T. Schwann?
1) evolution
2) chromosomal
3) cellular
4) ontogenesis
A3. The storage carbohydrate in an animal cell is
1) starch
2) glycogen
4) cellulose
A4. How many chromosomes are in the germ cells of the Drosophila fruit fly if its somatic cells contain 8 chromosomes?
A5. Embedding your nucleic acid in the DNA of the host cell
1) bacteriophages
2) chemotrophs
3) autotrophs
4) cyanobacteria
A6. Sexual reproduction of organisms is evolutionarily more progressive, since it
1) contributes to their wide distribution in nature
2) provides a rapid increase in numbers
3) contributes to the emergence of a wide variety of genotypes
4) maintains the genetic stability of the species
A7. What is the name of individuals that form one variety of gametes and do not give splitting of characters in offspring?
1) mutant
2) heterotic
3) heterozygous
4) homozygous
A8. How are the genotypes of individuals designated in dihybrid crosses?
A9. All leaves of the same plant have the same genotype, but may differ in
1) the number of chromosomes
2) phenotype
3) gene pool
4) genetic code
A10. What bacteria improve the nitrogen nutrition of plants?
1) fermentation
2) nodule
3) acetic
A11. An underground shoot differs from a root in that it has
2) growth zones
3) vessels
A12. Plants of the angiosperm department, unlike gymnosperms,
1) have a root, stem, leaves
2) have a flower and a fruit
3) propagate by seeds
4) release oxygen into the atmosphere during photosynthesis
A13. Birds, unlike reptiles,
1) unstable body temperature
2) a cover of horny substance
3) constant body temperature
4) reproduction by eggs
A14. What group of tissues has the properties of excitability and contractility?
1) muscular
2) epithelial
3) nervous
4) connecting
A15. The main function of the kidneys in mammals and humans is to remove
2) extra sugar
3) metabolic products
4) undigested residues
A16. Human phagocytes are capable of
1) capture foreign bodies
2) produce hemoglobin
3) participate in blood clotting
4) transfer antigens
A17. Bundles of long processes of neurons, covered with a connective tissue sheath and located outside the central nervous system, form
2) cerebellum
3) spinal cord
4) cerebral cortex
A18. What vitamin should be included in the human diet in order not to get sick with scurvy?
A19. What criterion of species should include the distribution area of the reindeer in the tundra?
1) environmental
2) genetic
3) morphological
4) geographical
A20. An example of an interspecies struggle for existence is the relationship between
1) adult frog and tadpole
2) a cabbage butterfly and its caterpillar
3) song thrush and thrush fieldfare
4) wolves of the same pack
A21. The tiered arrangement of plants in the forest serves as an adaptation to
1) cross pollination
2) wind protection
3) the use of light energy
4) reduce water evaporation
A22. Which of the factors of human evolution has a social nature?
1) articulate speech
2) variability
3) natural selection
4) heredity
A23. What is the nature of the relationship between organisms different types needing the same food resources?
1) predator - prey
3) competition
4) mutual assistance
A24. In the biogeocenosis of the water meadow, decomposers include
1) cereals, sedges
2) bacteria and fungi
3) mouse-like rodents
4) herbivorous insects
A25. Global changes in the biosphere can lead to
1) an increase in the number of individual species
2) desertification of territories
3) heavy rainfall
4) change of one community by another
A26. What percentage of nucleotides with cytosine does DNA contain if the proportion of its adenine nucleotides is 10% of the total?
A27. Choose the correct sequence of information transfer in the process of protein synthesis in the cell.
1) DNA → messenger RNA → protein
2) DNA → transfer RNA → protein
3) ribosomal RNA → transfer RNA → protein
4) ribosomal RNA → DNA → transfer RNA → protein
A28. With dihybrid crossing and independent inheritance of traits in parents with AABb and aabb genotypes, splitting is observed in the offspring in the ratio
A29. In plant breeding, pure lines are obtained by
1) cross pollination
2) self-pollination
3) experimental mutagenesis
4) interspecific hybridization
A30. Reptiles are considered true terrestrial vertebrates because they
1) breathe atmospheric oxygen
2) breed on land
3) lay eggs
4) have lungs
A31. Carbohydrates in the human body are stored in
1) liver and muscles
2) subcutaneous tissue
3) pancreas
4) intestinal walls
A32. The separation of saliva that occurs when the receptors of the oral cavity are irritated is a reflex
1) conditional, requiring reinforcement
2) unconditional, inherited
3) arising during the life of man and animal
4) individual for each person
A33. Among the examples listed, aromorphosis is
1) the flat shape of the body of the slope
2) protective coloration in a grasshopper
3) four-chambered heart in birds
A34. The biosphere is an open ecosystem because it
1) consists of many diverse ecosystems
2) is under the influence of the anthropogenic factor
3) includes all spheres of the earth
4) Constantly uses solar energy
The answer to the tasks of this part (B1-B8) is a sequence of letters or numbers.
In tasks B1-B3, select three correct answers out of six, write down the selected numbers in the table.
IN 1. biological significance meiosis is
1) preventing the doubling of the number of chromosomes in a new generation
2) the formation of male and female gametes
3) the formation of somatic cells
4) creating opportunities for the emergence of new gene combinations
5) increase in the number of cells in the body
6) a multiple increase in the set of chromosomes
AT 2. What is the role of the pancreas in the human body?
1) participates in immune responses
2) forms blood cells
3) is a gland of mixed secretion
4) forms hormones
5) secretes bile
6) releases digestive enzymes
AT 3. The factors of evolution are
1) crossing over
2) mutation process
3) modification variability
4) insulation
5) variety of species
6) natural selection
When performing tasks B4−B6, establish a correspondence between the contents of the first and second columns. Enter the numbers of the selected answers in the table.
AT 4. Establish a correspondence between the characteristic of the plant and the department for which it is characteristic.
AT 5. Establish a correspondence between the structure and function of the human brain and its department.
AT 6. Establish a correspondence between the nature of the mutation and its type.
When performing tasks B7–B8, set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, and practical actions. Write down the letters of the selected answers in the table.
AT 7. Establish the sequence of processes occurring in the interphase cell.
A) mRNA is synthesized on one of the DNA strands
B) a segment of the DNA molecule under the influence of enzymes is split into two chains
B) mRNA moves into the cytoplasm
D) on mRNA, which serves as a template, protein synthesis occurs
AT 8. Set in which chronological order the main groups of plants appeared on Earth.
A) green algae
B) horsetail
B) seed ferns
D) rhinophytes
D) gymnosperms
Answer | Answer |
||
Answer | Answer |
||
Test work on the topic "Organism"
1 option
Part A.
For each of the tasks A1-A10, 4 answers are given, of which only one is correct. Write down the number of this answer in your notebook.
A1. Which science classifies organisms based on their relationship?
1) ecology
2) taxonomy
3) morphology
4) paleontology
A2. How many chromosomes are in the germ cells of the Drosophila fruit fly if its somatic cells contain 8 chromosomes?
1) 12
2) 10
3) 8
4) 4
A3. Sexual reproduction of organisms is evolutionarily more progressive, since it
1) contributes to their wide distribution in nature
2) provides a rapid increase in numbers
3) contributes to the emergence of a wide variety of genotypes
4) maintains the genetic stability of the species
A4. What phase of cell division follows anaphase?
1) prophase
2) metaphase
3) anaphase
4) telophase
A5. What part of the sperm contains the father's chromosomes? 1) in the cytoplasm 2) in ribosomes 3) in the nucleus 4) in mitochondria
A6. Plastic metabolism in the cell is characterized
1) the breakdown of organic substances with the release of energy2) the formation of organic substances with the accumulation of energy in them 3) the absorption of nutrients into the blood 4) the transformation of food with the formation of soluble substances
A7. Internal fertilization is typical for
1) bony fish
2) tailless amphibians
3) tailed amphibians
4) reptiles
A8. During the process of photosynthesis,
1) synthesis of carbohydrates and release of oxygen
2) evaporation of water and absorption of oxygen
3) gas exchange and fat assimilation
4) release of carbon dioxide and assimilation of proteins
A9. The energy necessary for the circulation of substances is drawn from space
1) putrefactive bacteria
2) plants in the process of photosynthesis
3) nodule bacteria
4) heterotrophic organisms
A10. The process of energy metabolism begins with
1) glucose synthesis
2) cleavage of polysaccharides
3) fructose synthesis
4) oxidation of pyruvic acid
Part B
B1. Choose three correct answers from six.
The biological significance of meiosis is
1) preventing the doubling of the number of chromosomes in a new generation2) the formation of male and female gametes 3) the formation of somatic cells 4) creating opportunities for the emergence of new gene combinations 5) an increase in the number of cells in the body 6) a multiple increase in the set of chromosomes
B2. Establish the sequence of processes occurring in the interphase cell.
A) mRNA is synthesized on one of the DNA chains B) a section of the DNA molecule is split into two chains under the influence of enzymes C) mRNA moves to the cytoplasm D) protein synthesis occurs on mRNA serving as a matrix
AT 3. Establish a correspondence between the nutritional characteristics of organisms and their methods.
NUTRITIONAL FEATURES DIETARY METHODS
1) capture food by A) autotrophs
phagocytosis B) heterotrophs
2) use the energy released during the oxidation of inorganic substances
